Read the Following Passage From Johnson's Remarks at Gettysburg
Soldiers National Cemetery
© Abraham Lincoln OnlineThe Gettysburg Address
Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
November nineteen, 1863On June one, 1865, Senator Charles Sumner referred to the most famous speech communication ever given by President Abraham Lincoln. In his eulogy on the slain president, he called the Gettysburg Address a "monumental act." He said Lincoln was mistaken that "the earth will little note, nor long recall what we say here." Rather, the Bostonian remarked, "The world noted at once what he said, and volition never cease to think it. The battle itself was less important than the speech."
There are v known copies of the speech in Lincoln's handwriting, each with a slightly different text, and named for the people who kickoff received them: Nicolay, Hay, Everett, Bancroft and Bliss. Two copies apparently were written before delivering the speech, ane of which probably was the reading copy. The remaining ones were produced months later on for soldier do good events. Despite widely-circulated stories to the contrary, the president did not dash off a re-create aboard a train to Gettysburg. Lincoln carefully prepared his major speeches in accelerate; his steady, even script in every manuscript is consequent with a business firm writing surface, non the notoriously bumpy Civil War-era trains. Boosted versions of the speech appeared in newspapers of the era, feeding modernistic-day confusion about the administrative text.
Bliss Copy
Ever since Lincoln wrote it in 1864, this version has been the near often reproduced, notably on the walls of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington. It is named later on Colonel Alexander Elation, stepson of historian George Bancroft. Bancroft asked President Lincoln for a copy to use every bit a fundraiser for soldiers (see "Bancroft Copy" below). However, because Lincoln wrote on both sides of the paper, the speech could not be reprinted, so Lincoln made some other copy at Elation'south request. Information technology is the concluding known copy written by Lincoln and the merely one signed and dated by him. Today it is on display at the Lincoln Room of the White House.
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Freedom, and dedicated to the proffer that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or whatever nation then conceived so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a dandy battle-field of that war. We have come up to dedicate a portion of that field, equally a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we tin can non dedicate -- nosotros can not consecrate -- we can non hallow -- this ground. The brave men, living and expressionless, who struggled here, have consecrated information technology, far above our poor power to add or backbite. The world will little annotation, nor long remember what we say here, merely it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to exist defended here to the unfinished work which they who fought here accept thus far then nobly advanced. It is rather for u.s.a. to be here dedicated to the neat task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead nosotros have increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, nether God, shall accept a new birth of freedom -- and that authorities of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the world.
Abraham Lincoln
November 19, 1863
Nicolay CopyNamed for John Grand. Nicolay, President Lincoln's personal secretary, this is considered the "first typhoon" of the oral communication, begun in Washington on White firm jotter. The second folio is writen on different paper stock, indicating it was finished in Gettysburg before the cemetery dedication began. Lincoln gave this draft to Nicolay, who went to Gettysburg with Lincoln and witnessed the speech. The Library of Congress owns this manuscript.
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proffer that all men are created equal.
Now nosotros are engaged in a corking civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation then conceived, and and so defended, can long endure. We are met on a great battle field of that war. We come to dedicate a portion of information technology, as a final resting place for those who died here, that the nation might alive. This we may, in all propriety do.
But, in a larger sense, we tin can not dedicate we can not consecrate we can not hallow, this ground The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have hallowed information technology, far above our poor ability to add or detract. The world will fiddling note, nor long remember what we say hither; while it tin can never forget what they did hither.
It is rather for usa, the living, we here be dedicated to the great task remaining before us that, from these honored dead nosotros have increased devotion to that crusade for which they here, gave the last full mensurate of devotion that we hither highly resolve these expressionless shall not have died in vain; that the nation, shall take a new birth of liberty, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
Hay CopyBelieved to be the second draft of the oral communication, President Lincoln gave this re-create to John Hay, a White House assistant. Hay accompanied Lincoln to Gettysburg and briefly referred to the voice communication in his diary: "the President, in a fine, free way, with more than grace than is his wont, said his half dozen words of consecration." The Hay copy, which includes Lincoln's handwritten changes, also is owned by the Library of Congress.
Four score and seven years agone our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the suggestion that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation then conceived, and then dedicated, tin long endure. We are met here on a swell battleground of that state of war. We accept come to dedicate a portion of it, every bit a terminal resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should practise this.
But in a larger sense, we can non dedicate nosotros can non consecrate we can not hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far higher up our poor ability to add or backbite. The world will little annotation, nor long recollect, what we say hither, merely tin can never forget what they did hither.
It is for u.s., the living, rather to exist dedicated here to the unfinished work which they have, thus far, so nobly carried on. It is rather for us to be hither dedicated to the great task remaining before us that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that crusade for which they gave the concluding full measure out of devotion that we here highly resolve that these expressionless shall not accept died in vain; that this nation shall accept a new nativity of freedom; and that this government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
Everett CopyEdward Everett, the chief speaker at the Gettysburg cemetery dedication, conspicuously admired Lincoln'south remarks and wrote to him the next day saying, "I should exist glad, if I could flatter myself that I came as almost to the primal idea of the occasion, in two hours, as you did in two minutes." In 1864 Everett asked Lincoln for a re-create of the spoken language to benefit Union soldiers, making information technology the third manuscript copy. Eventually the state of Illinois acquired it, where it's preserved at the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum.
4 score and 7 years ago our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and defended to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil state of war, testing whether that nation, or whatever nation and then conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. Nosotros have come to dedicate a portion of that field, every bit a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives, that that nation might live. It is altogether plumbing equipment and proper that we should practice this.
Simply, in a larger sense, nosotros tin non dedicate, we can not consecrate nosotros can not hallow this ground. The dauntless men, living and dead, who struggled hither, accept consecrated it far higher up our poor power to add or detract. The globe will little note, nor long remember what we say hither, but information technology can never forget what they did hither.
It is for us, the living, rather, to exist defended here to the unfinished piece of work which they who fought here, have, thus far, then nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the not bad task remaining earlier u.s.a. that from these honored expressionless we accept increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the concluding full measure of devotion that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain that this nation, nether God, shall have a new birth of freedom and that authorities of the people, past the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
Bancroft CopyEqually noted to a higher place, historian George Bancroft asked President Lincoln for a copy to utilize as a fundraiser for soldiers. When Lincoln sent his re-create on February 29, 1864, he used both sides of the paper, rendering the manuscript useless for lithographic engraving. So Bancroft kept this re-create and Lincoln had to produce an additional one (Elation Copy). The Bancroft re-create is now owned by Cornell University.
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Freedom, and defended to the proffer that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a slap-up civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived, and so defended, can long suffer. We are met on a corking battle-field of that state of war. Nosotros accept come up to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives, that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate, we can non consecrate we can not hallow this footing. The brave men, living and expressionless, who struggled here, have consecrated it far to a higher place our poor power to add together or backbite. The world will little note, nor long call up what nosotros say here, but it tin never forget what they did hither. It is for usa the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for u.s. to exist here dedicated to the keen chore remaining earlier u.s.a. that from these honored expressionless nosotros take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure out of devotion - that nosotros here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the world.
Source for all versions: Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln, edited by Roy P. Basler and others.
Related Links
A Teacher'southward Tour of the Battle of Gettysburg (Matthew Pinsker/Gilder Lehrman Institute)
Battlefield Maps (Library of Congress)
Ceremonious War Plant (Gettysburg College)
Edward Everett'due south Gettysburg Speech (University of Maryland)
Gettysburg Accost Showroom (Library of Congress)
Gettysburg Address Eyewitness (National Public Radio)
Gettysburg Address News Commodity (New York Times)
Gettysburg Address Teacher Resource (C-Span)
Gettysburg Address Text
Gettysburg Civil State of war Photographs (Library of Congress)
Gettysburg Give-and-take Grouping (Bob & Dennis Lawrence)
Gettysburg Foundation
Gettysburg National Armed forces Park (NPS)
How Some Few "Remarks" Became the Gettysburg Accost (LAP/ALI)
David Wills'southward Letter of Invitation to Lincoln (Library of Congress)
Lincoln and the Gettysburg Enkindling (JALA)
Lincoln and Gettysburg Timeline
Lincoln Fellowship of Pennsylvania
Lincoln's Invitation to Stay Overnight (Library of Congress)
Edward Everett'due south Letter to Lincoln (Library of Congress)
Photograph of Lincoln at Gettysburg (Library of Congress)
Reading of the Gettysburg Address (NPR)
Recollections of Lincoln at Gettysburg (Bob Cooke)
Response to a Serenade
Robert Todd Lincoln's "Gettysburg Story" (JALA)
Seminary Ridge Museum
Solving the Mysteries of the Gettysburg Accost (LAP/ALI)
The Gettysburg Powerpoint Presentation (Peter Norvig)
Who Stole the Gettysburg Address? (JALA)
Wills HouseRelated Books
Boritt, Gabor. The Gettysburg Gospel: The Lincoln Spoken communication That Nobody Knows. Simon & Schuster, 2006.
Graham, Kent. November: Lincoln's Elegy at Gettysburg. Indiana Academy Press, 2001.
Hoch, Bradley R. and Boritt, Gabor S. The Lincoln Trail in Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania Country University Press, 2001.
Johnson, Martin P. Writing the Gettysburg Accost. University Press of Kansas, 2013.
Kunhardt, Philip B., Jr. A New Birth of Freedom - Lincoln at Gettysburg. Boston: Petty, Brown, 1983.
Mearns, David C., Dunlap, Lloyd A., Wilson, Douglas 50., and Sellers, John R., contributors. Long Remembered: Lincoln and His Five Versions of the Gettysburg Address. Levenger Press, 2011.
Wills, Garry. Lincoln at Gettysburg: The Words That Remade America. Touchstone Books, 1993.
Wilson, Douglas L. Lincoln's Sword: The Presidency and the Power of Words. Alfred A. Knopf, 2006 Abode | News | Education | Timelines | Places | Resource | Books | Speeches | Alphabetize | Search Lincoln spoken language text is in the public domain; the organization, remaining text, and photograph on this page are copyright 2020 Abraham Lincoln Online. All rights reserved. Privacy Policy
Source: http://www.abrahamlincolnonline.org/lincoln/speeches/gettysburg.htm
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